長城導游詞中英文

　　長城導游詞中英文

　　北京長城英文導游詞【1】

　　The Great Wall, like the Pyramids of Egypt, the Taj Mahal(1) in India and the Hanging Garden of Babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world.

　　Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China.

　　The Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces-Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu--and two autonomous regions--Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China together.

　　Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 B.C.during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu.

　　Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B.C.when ducal states Yan, Zhao, Wei, and Qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the Yinshan and Yanshan mountain ranges.

　　Walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments.

　　Later in 221 B.C., when Qin conquered the other states and unified China, Emperor Qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall.

　　As a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the Yinshan range in the Han Dynasty(206 BC--1644 BC.

　　), which went to ruin through years of neglect.

　　In the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the Wall.

　　The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks.

　　it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today.

　　The Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing line.

　　The west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average.

　　In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks.

　　The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors.

　　The Wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast.

　　There are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk.

　　Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals.

　　The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers.

　　The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven".

　　The view from the top is rewarding, hoverer.

　　The Wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze.

　　A signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital.

　　This consisted of beacon towers on the Wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the Wall.

　　At the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

　　八達嶺長城中英文對照導游詞【2】

　　各位游客，現(xiàn)在我們的汽車正行駛在八達嶺高速公路上，馬上就要進入即將參觀的八達嶺景區(qū)。

　　前面的那座山就是軍都山，八達嶺長城就盤踞在這座山上。

　　在春秋戰(zhàn)國時期，我國古代人民就已經(jīng)開始修建長城了，那個時候諸侯爭霸，為了保護自己的領地不被侵犯，所以在各自的邊界上紛紛修筑了長城，叫做互防長城。

　　而我國曾經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了三個修筑長城的高峰，分別是秦長城，漢長城，明長城。

　　秦始皇在公元前221年統(tǒng)一中原，建立了秦王朝，為了加強統(tǒng)治，防御北方游牧民族的入侵，所以派大將蒙恬30萬軍隊和很多勞力將原來北方的燕、趙、秦長城連了起來，并加以擴充，歷時9年修筑了一條西起臨洮東到遼東綿延萬里的長城，這也就是中國歷史上第一道萬里長城。

　　到了漢朝，漢武帝也是為了加強防御，“不叫胡馬度陰山”，修筑了一條近兩萬里的長城，同時這也保護了新開發(fā)的絲綢之路，漢長城是秦長城的一道前沿陣地和防線，它西起新疆，東到遼東，是中國歷史上修筑長城最長的朝代。

　　而明長城則是中國歷史上修筑長城的最高峰，工程之大，技術(shù)之精是獨一無二的。

　　當年朱元璋在統(tǒng)一全國建立明王朝的過程中，采納了“高筑墻，廣積糧，緩稱王”的建議。

　　當時元朝雖然已經(jīng)滅亡，但是還保持著比較完整的軍事實力，加上逐漸崛起的女真族的不斷侵擾，所以開始修筑長城。

　　明朝大規(guī)模修筑長城達到了18次之多，到了明朝末年才基本完工，東起遼寧丹東鴨綠江邊的虎山，西到甘肅嘉峪關(guān)的明長城全長6350公里。

　　明長城具備三個特點，筑構(gòu)完備，管理完善，布局嚴密。

　　而我們今天所看到的八達嶺長城就是明長城的一部分。

　　而長城在我國古代最原始的目的雖然是防御，但是它同時還起到了其他的作用。

　　第一就是軍事作用，第二則是經(jīng)濟作用，它不僅促進了屯田的開發(fā)和北疆經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，而且也是中原的百姓安居樂業(yè)，第三是促進了各民族的融合。

　　此外，它還保護了通訊和促進了對外開放。

　　值得一提的是，在我國古代，不僅僅只有這三次修筑長城的經(jīng)歷，據(jù)統(tǒng)計，在上下兩千年里，先后有20多個諸侯國和封建王朝都修建過長城，有人做過粗略的計算，如果將長城改建成一道高5米，厚1米的大墻，繞地球10圈兒多都有富裕。

　　著名的民間傳說：烽火戲諸侯和孟姜女哭長城也是發(fā)生在萬里長城上的。

　　如今，長城在經(jīng)過幾次修整之后，基本恢復了以往的面貌，在1987年被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列入《世界文化遺產(chǎn)名錄》，而且它還是當今世界上畛さ姆烙?猿喬劍”椴劑宋夜?6個地區(qū)，全長達到了10。

　　8萬里。

　　剛才我們所經(jīng)過的路，就位于關(guān)溝中。

　　關(guān)溝是燕山山脈和軍都山山脈的交會處，南起昌平區(qū)南口鎮(zhèn)，西北到延慶縣八達嶺長城的城關(guān)，全長40里。

　　是中原地區(qū)通往西北高原的咽喉要道。

　　明代在這里布置了四道防線，分別是南口關(guān)，居庸關(guān)，上關(guān)，八達嶺。

　　在關(guān)溝中的疊翠山上，曾有金代著名的燕京八景之一：居庸疊翠，可惜現(xiàn)在景觀已經(jīng)不復存在了。

　　剛才我們所看到的那條鐵路就是由我們中國人自己設計建造的第一條鐵路，由詹天佑設計的京張鐵路。

　　因為八達嶺地區(qū)地勢復雜，技術(shù)難點很多，所以詹天佑所設計的人字型鐵路，成功解決了車不能直接爬坡和轉(zhuǎn)彎的難題，而打通長達1091米的隧道也令中外人士嘆服。

　　現(xiàn)在在青龍橋火車站樹立的銅像就是詹天佑的，還有紀念碑。

　　關(guān)溝因為居庸關(guān)而著名，我們可以看到前面宏偉的建筑就是居庸關(guān)，它的名字起源于秦朝，以秦始皇遷徙“庸徒”在這里居住所以得名。

　　在關(guān)內(nèi)，有一個著名的漢白玉石臺，就是云臺。

　　它是元代的一坐過街塔，上邊原來有三座藏式佛塔，在后來的地震中毀壞了。

　　明代又在原處]建立了泰安寺，而在康熙年間又被毀了，只留下現(xiàn)在我們所看到的柱礎和望柱。

　　云臺的面積有310平方米臺下的券門上刻有獅、象、四不象、金翅鳥等浮雕，分別代表了佛教密宗五方五佛的座騎，還有天龍八部護法天神的浮雕。

　　內(nèi)壁上還有四大天王浮雕和神獸圖案，券頂上還布滿了曼陀羅的圖樣，花中刻有佛像，共2215尊。

　　還有六種文字鐫刻的《陀羅尼經(jīng)咒》和《造塔功德記》，這些都是元代的藝術(shù)精品，具有很高的藝術(shù)價值。

　　八達嶺長城是明長城中的杰出代表，因為這里四通八達，故成為八達嶺。

　　可能大家會問，為什么要講長城修筑在這里?其實這主要是因為八達嶺地區(qū)重要的地理位置。

　　它不僅守衛(wèi)著明皇陵，而且也是京師的西北大門。

　　八達嶺長城是歷史上許多重大事件的見證，例如蕭太后巡幸，元太祖入關(guān)，慈禧太后西逃等等，八達嶺都是畢竟之路。

　　說到這里，還有一個故事要講給大家：位于關(guān)城東門路旁，有一塊巨石，傳說在1900年八國聯(lián)軍攻入北京，慈禧在西逃的途中經(jīng)過這里，曾經(jīng)站在這塊石頭上回望京城，所以這塊石頭也就被叫做望京石。

　　但現(xiàn)在這塊石頭已經(jīng)不那么突出了。

　　有一句話大家一定都知道：不到長城非好漢。

　　剛才介紹了那么多景觀，您一定急切的想來到景區(qū)游覽一番，不用著急，馬上您也要成為好漢了。

　　好，這里就是著名的八達嶺長城遠處是壯麗的景色，而往下看就是長城重要的組成部分翁城，他一般都修建在地形險要的交通要道上。

　　翁城兩門之間相距63.

　　9米，西門匾額：北門鎖鑰，我在前面已經(jīng)講過了。

　　東門的匾額為：居庸外鎮(zhèn)，意思是居庸關(guān)外又一重鎮(zhèn)。

　　現(xiàn)在我們向右下放看，在登城口的南側(cè)陳列著一門大炮，名為：神威大將軍。

　　是崇禎年間制造的。

　　八達嶺長城有三臺兩墻組成，什么是三臺兩墻呢?現(xiàn)在就讓我給大家來解釋一下，三臺分別是城臺，敵臺，其中城臺構(gòu)造的非常簡單，只是駐守的官兵避風寒的地方。

　　那敵臺的構(gòu)造相對就要復雜一些，分為兩層，下層是由田，井，回，等字形組成，上層有垛口和望孔是觀察軍情和射箭用的，所以這里也具有防御敵人的功能。

　　下面就到了烽火臺，又叫烽燧，狼煙臺。

　　是不和長城相連的獨立建筑。

　　一旦敵人來犯，就點燃烽火通報軍情，古人獎白天點燃的煙叫做烽，晚上的叫做燧。

　　明朝的時候，還對烽火與敵人的關(guān)系作了嚴格的規(guī)定：敵人百余個，燃一煙點一炮;五白人，燃兩煙點兩炮;千人以上，三煙三炮;五千人以上，四煙四炮;萬人以上，五煙五炮。

　　就通過這種方式，在邊關(guān)的軍情能夠飛速的傳遞到皇城大內(nèi)。

　　說完了三臺，下面就來說一下兩墻。

　　長城外側(cè)的高墻叫做牒墻，有垛口是用來防御敵人的。

　　而內(nèi)側(cè)不足一米高的則叫作女兒墻，也叫做宇墻。

　　在最開始長城內(nèi)側(cè)是沒有女兒墻的，可是經(jīng)常有人會跌下山崖，所以就修建了這道墻。

　　在長城墻根的地方每隔不遠就有一個小水溝，雨天的時候由吐水嘴向外排水，以免水沖刷城墻。

　　而長城的墻體里面使用石頭塊鑄成的，外邊砌上磚，再在上面鋪上石板，從而使建筑非常牢固!

　　Badaling Great Wall

　　Members tourists, and now our car is driving on the Badaling Expressway, the soon to enter the forthcoming visit of Badaling scenic.

　　In front of the mountain is the military are mountains, Badaling Great Wall on entrenched in this mountain.

　　In the Spring and Autumn period, China's ancient people had already started to build the Great Wall, that when the princes hegemony, in order to protect their territory from being violated, so their borders have built the Great Wall, called each other against the Great Wall.

　　In China, there have been a three peaks of the Great Wall built, namely, the Qin Great Wall, Han Great Wall, Ming Great Wall.

　　In 221 BC, Qin Shi Huang unified the Central Plains and established the Qin Dynasty, in order to strengthen the rule of the defense of the invasion of the northern nomads, so sending generals Mengtian 300,000 troops and a lot of labor to the original north Yan, Zhao and Qin Great Wall, even up, and be expanded, which lasted nine years, built a west Lintao stretching thousands of miles east to Liaodong the Great Wall, which is the first Great Wall in Chinese history.

　　To the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu also to strengthen the defense, the "degree of non-Jiao Hu Ma Yin Mountains", the construction of a nearly two thousands of miles of the Great Wall, which also protects the newly developed Silk Road, Han Dynasty Great Wall in the Qin Great Wall is a cutting-edge positions and defensive line, which the west in Xinjiang, the east to Liaodong, the history of China's longest dynasties built the Great Wall.

　　The Ming Great Wall is China's history, the peak of the Great Wall built, works great, refined technology is unique.

　　That year the emperor unified the country to establish the Ming Dynasty in the process of adopting a "high building the wall, wide grain, slow kings" proposal.

　　Although the Yuan dynasty has been destroyed at that time, but has maintained a relatively complete military strength, coupled with the gradual rise of the Jurchen constant harassment, it began building the Great Wall.

　　A large-scale construction of the Ming Dynasty Great Wall has reached 18 times, to the Ming dynasty was basically completed, the east side of Tiger Mountain, Liaoning Dandong Yalu River, west to Jiayuguan in Gansu length of 6350 kilometers of Ming Great Wall.

　　Ming Great Wall has three features, building structure is complete, well-managed, layout tight.

　　Today, as we have seen the Great Wall of Badaling Great Wall is the next part of it.

　　The Great Wall in ancient China, although the original purpose of defense, but it also played a role in the other.

　　The first is the military role, and the second is the economic role, not only promoted the development of Mita and northern economic development, but also the Central Plains people live and work, the third is to promote the integration of various nationalities.

　　In addition, it protects the communication and promotion of the opening.

　　It is worth mentioning that in ancient China, not just the experience of these three built the Great Wall, according to statistics, in the bottom two thousand years, there have been more than 20 countries and the feudal vassal dynasties have built over the Great Wall, it was made a rough calculation of , if the Great Wall turned into a high 5 meters, 1 meter thick walls, around the circle the Earth more than 10 are off.

　　Well-known folk tales: the flames of drama, and Meng Jiangnu crying princes also took place in the Great Wall on the Great Wall.

　　Now, after finishing the Great Wall after a few basic resumed previous appearance in 1987 was listed by UNESCO as "World Heritage List," and it is in the world today Zhenさbranded ? Monkey Joe Beam Sword "Tilia Agent Song Night? six regions, full-length reached 10.

　　8 thousands of miles.

　　Just now we are through the road is located off ditch.

　　Closed groove is the Yanshan Mountains and the military are Mountains intersect, south from the South Town, Changping District, Yanqing County, northwest of the Badaling Great Wall Chengguan length of 40 years.

　　Is the Central Plains region of the throat arteries leading to the northwest plateau.

　　The Ming Dynasty in the deployment of four lines of defense, namely, South Side, off, Juyongguan, the customs, Badaling.

　　In the trench in the Emerald off the mountain, there was gold on behalf of one of the famous eight scenic wonders of the Yenching: Guyan Emerald Unfortunately, the landscape no longer exists.

　　We have just seen that railway is the Chinese people by our own designed and built the first railway designed by Beijing-Zhang Zhan Tianyou rail.

　　Because of the complex topography of the Badaling area, technical difficulties, so it designed by Zhan Tianyou herringbone railway, successfully resolved the car can not be directly climbing and turning-related problems and get through up to 1091 meters of the tunnel also makes people gasp in admiration abroad .

　　Now establish the Tsing Lung Bridge railway station is a bronze statue of Zhan Tianyou, and there are monuments.

　　Guan ditch because of Juyongguan known, we can see in front of the building is magnificent Juyongguan, its name originated in the Qin Dynasty to Emperor of movement, "Yong-believers" to live here, so its name.

　　In the off period, there is a well-known white marble Shitai is PTZ.

　　It is one of the Yuan Dynasty ridden street tower, above that there are three Tibetan-style pagoda, in the subsequent earthquake destroyed.

　　Ming again in situ] established the Tai-ji, while in the Kangxi reign has been destroyed, leaving only now we have seen, column bases and column look.

　　PTZ an area of 310 square meters, with a coupon off the stage door engraved with lions, elephants, Sibu Xiang, Garuda and other relief, representing the Buddhist Tantric Buddha's throne five-five, as well as Tian Long Ba Bu law-enforcement relief gods.

　　There are four kings on the inner wall reliefs and sacred animal patterns, coupons on top was also covered with mandala patterns are flowers engraved with Buddha statues, a total of 2215.

　　There are six kinds of text engraved the "Dharani Jing Zhou" and "build towers merit in mind", these are works of art in the Yuan Dynasty, with a high artistic value.

　　Ming Great Wall in Badaling Great Wall is an outstanding representative, because this is easily accessible, it becomes Badaling.

　　You may ask, why talk about the Great Wall built here? In fact, this was mainly due to the Badaling region's key geographical location.

　　It is not only guarding the Ming Tombs, but also the capital of the north-west door.

　　Badaling Great Wall is the witness of many historical events, such as the Empress Dowager Xiao Xun Xing, Yuan Taizu into the customs, the Empress Dowager Cixi fled west, etc.

　　, the Badaling is the road after all.

　　Having said that, there is a story to tell you: East Gate is located off the city street, there is a rock legend in 1900, Eight-scored in Beijing, Empress in the West to escape the way through here, who stood stone Looking back on the capital, so this piece of stone also called Wangjing stone.

　　But now this piece of stone has not been so impressive.

　　There is a saying, we must all know: Less than the Great Wall of non-hero.

　　Has just introduced so many landscapes, you must be eager to come to visit some scenic spots, do not worry, soon you must become a hero.

　　Well, here is the famous Badaling Great Wall, the distance is the magnificent scenery, but look down the Great Wall is an important part of Weng city, he built the terrain is generally advantageous to Road Transport.

　　Wengcheng 63.

　　9 meters distance between the two, Simon plaque: North Gate lock and key, I have already talked about.

　　East Gate of the plaque as follows: Guyan outside the town, which means another town outside Juyongguan.

　　Now we delegate the right to see, at the mouth of the south side of the city board display with a cannon, named: Shenwei Great General.

　　Yes Chongzhen manufactured.

　　Badaling Great Wall, there are three two walls composed of two walls do what is three? Now let me explain to you, three are city units, enemy units, of which the city sets a very simple structure, but the officers and men stationed in sheltered cold place.

　　That enemy units is necessary to complex the structure is relatively divided into two layers, the lower from the field, wells, back, and so shape the composition of the upper hole with Embrasure and hope to observe military and archery use, so there is also a defensive function .

　　Here's to the beacon tower, known as Feng Sui, wolves Yantai.

　　Are not connected to the independence and building the Great Wall.

　　Once the enemy attacks, the military briefing on the ignition flame, lit cigarette during the day award the ancients called Feng night called sui.

　　When the Ming Dynasty, but also on the relationship between the flames and the enemy were strict rules: one hundred enemies, burning a smoke point of a gun; five whites, two guns fired two smoke point; thousand more than three cigarettes three guns; 5000 or more, four smoke four guns; million people in more than five cigarettes five guns.

　　On this way, at the border of the military be able to rapidly transfer to the Imperial Ouchi.

　　Finished the three, the following is what the two walls.

　　The outer wall of the Great Wall called the dispatch wall, there is Embrasure is used to defense the enemy.

　　The inside is less than one meter high called the parapet, also known as Yu wall.

　　In the beginning there is no parapet of the inside of the Great Wall, but often people would fall off a cliff, so we built this wall.

　　In the Great Wall where every foot of the wall not far from there is a small ditch, when the rain Tap spit out by the drainage, so water-washed walls.

　　The Great Wall, the wall which blocks the use of cast stone, and outside the puzzle on the bricks, stone slabs on top again, so that the construction is very strong!

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